Method and means for sectional treatment in permanent waving of hair



Oct. 20, 1931. E. o. FREDERICS 7 1,327,785

METHOD AND MEANS FOR SECTIONAL TREATMENT IN PERMANENT WAVING OF HAIR Filed Oct. 27. 1927 IN V EN TOR.

BY J Y W 77 A TTORNEYS.

Patented Oct. 20, 1931 UNITED/STATES P TENT Fol-"rice ERNEST O. FREDERICS, 0] NEW YORK, N. Y.

METHOD AND mnANs r013. snc IoNAL TREATMENT IN PERMANENT WAVING or HAIR.

' Application filed October 27, 1927. Serial o. 229,142.

This invention relates to tubular containers of improved construction for use in connection with permanent waving of hair and to methodsof usin the same.

It is an object 0 the invention to provide a device which is adapted for the treatment of certain sect-ions only .of the hair in permanent waving whereby rewaving or waving in certain styles is facilitated.

Another object is to provide a device which, at the'election of the operator, can be used to wave "either the newly-grown hair near the roots alone, or the end portions of the hair alone, or both, or the intermediate portions alone. Y

Other objects of the invention will in part be obvious and will in part appear hereinafter.

The invention accordingly comprises an article of manufacture f possessing the features, properties and the relation of elements which will be exemplified in the article hereinafter described, and the scope of the application of which will be indicated in the claims. v

,For a fuller understanding of the nature and objects of v the invention reference should be had to the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanyingdrawings, in which: a

. Figure 1 is a perspective view of one form of the device; b 1

Figs. 2 and and 3 are perspective views of other embodiments of the invention;

Fig. 4 is a partly sectional View taken, along the line 4-4 of Fig. 3; and

Fig. 5 is a side elevational View of the form of device shown in Fig. 1 applied to a tress of hair.

' Referring first to Figs. 1 and 50f thedrawings, the present device comprises generally a tubular container 10 open at both ends as at 11 and which is adapted to be positioned over a tress of hair 12, wound on a mandrel 12, and to have a tubular heater, as shown in dotted lines at 13, positioned thereover. As is usual, the heater generates the heat'for effecting the permanent waving of a tressof hair, and the end of the tube next the scalp is crim'ped as at 14 and is held together as by a clip 15, which prevents the steam, ases,

vapors or heat within-the tube from sea ding 'or burning the scalp of the person being treated. As-indicative of the action of the device, it will be observed that as shown in Fig. 5v the device is adapted to retain gases in the front portion of the tube and permit the p v gases to issue from other perforations. p

In order that the heat from the heater 14 may be transmitted to the tress of hair, the tube 10 preferably is constructed of a material which transmits heat readily, such as, for example, metal, metal foil, or the like. It is to be understood, however, that any suitable substance may be used, such as, for example, paper or cloth, which, if desired, may

be suitably impregnated to decrease the danger of fire. Also, asis shown in Figs..2, 3

and 4, the device, if desired, may be composed of one or more layers of materials in addition to the outside layer. For example, in Fig. 2, an embodiment is showrri'n which, inside of the tube 10which in this case is of metallic foil'is a tube 16 of thin paper, cloth or the like, which may have the function of being normally impervious to gases or the like, or

may discolor at critical temperatures. Also, 7

as is shown in Figs. 3 and 4, a hair-treating composition 17 may be situated within the external tube 10 or between the external tube and the layer 16. Such hair-treatingpomposition may be of any desired composition and may, if desired, be placed 'in the tube either in the form of a thin sachet or by impregnation of a layer of cloth or the like As will be seen from the drawings, the tube 10, together with any auxiliary layers which may be contained therein, is perforated as at 18. These perforations are for the purpose of allowing the gases, vapors, steam or heat "(hereinafter referred to generically as gases?) to escape freely from certain portions of the tress of hair while retaining them around and intimately in contact with a certain other section or sections of the hair.

" These perforations maybe of any number,

size, or disposition, as long as the functions "above referred to are attained, i. e., the tube is to be so constructed that it will retain the gases around those portions of the hair which the operator can at will wave either that por,--

tion of the hair near the roots, the end portions of the hair or both, or an intermediate.

portion of the hair alone.

end portions, the form of device shown in .Fig. 1 is used, in which the perforations 18 are at one end of the tube, it being understood that the imperforate end' of the tube is to be positioned over that portion of the hair which it is desired to wave; or wavin both ends, the form shown in Fig. 2 is used, m which the perforations are in the intermediate port1ons only, and for waving the intermediate portions only, the form shown in Fig. 3 is used, in which the perforations are at each end. In the former case, it may be found desirable to clip the tube at both ends in order to insure the proper retention of the gases.

Since certain changes may be made in the above article, and difi'erent embodiments of the invention could be made, without departing from the scope thereof, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

It is also to be understood that the following claims are intended to cover all of the generic and specific features of the invention herein described and all statements of the scope of the invention which as a matter of language might be said to fall therebetween.

Having described my invention, what I 40 claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: r i

1. As an article of manufacture, a container for enclosing a tress of hair during the heating operation of a permanent-waving process comprising a gas-impervious tube adapted to be inserted in a heater and being perforated circumferentially in a manner such as to form a plurality of bands, certain ones of said plurality being separated from each other by the remainder of said plurality, certain of said bands being gas-pervious and certain other of said bands being gas-impervlous.

2. As an article of manufacture, a container for enclosing a tress of hair during the heating operation of a permanent-waving process comprising a gas-impervious tube of a material adapted readily to transmit heat, said tube being adapted to be inserted-into aheater and being perforated circumferentially in a manner such as to 'form' a plurality of bands, certain of said bands being gas-pervious and certain other of said I bands being gas-impervious. 65 3. As an article of manufacture, a containgases around those portions of the To accomplish the waving of either of the er for enclosing a tress of hair-during the forated circumferentially in a manner such as to form a'.plur ality of bands, certain of said bands being gas-pervious and certain other of said bands bclng continuous and gasimpervious.

4. As an article of manufacture, acontainer for enclosing a tress-of hair during the heating operation of a permanent-waving process comprising a'tube having an external layer of material adapted readily to transmit heat, and a second layer of material which is impervious to gases, both of said layers being perforated in certain portions to form a relatively wide band of openings for the escape of gases.

. 5. As an article of manufacture, a container for enclosing a tress of hair during the -heating operation of a permanent-waving process comprising a tube having an external layer of material adapted readily to transmit heat, a second layer of'material which is impervious to gases, and a hair-treating composition intermediate said layers, both of said layers being perforated in certain portions to form a relatively wide band of openings for the escape of gases. Y

6. A method of waving hair, which comprises coiling a tress of hair on a mandrel,- surrounding the hair with a tube having an external layer of material adapted readily to transmit heat and a second layer of material which is impervious to gases, both of said layers being perforated in' certain'portions to form a relatively wide'head of openings for the escape of gases, and subjecting the hair within the imperfora-te portion of the tube to the action of heat in the presence of moisture.

7. A method of waving hair, which comprises coiling a tress of hair on a mandrel, surrounding the hair with a tube having an external layer of material adapted readily to transmit heat and a second layer of material which is impervious to gases, both of said layers being perforated in their central portions to form a relatively wide band of openings for the escape of gases, clipping the ends of the tube, and subjecting the hair within the imperforate portion of the tube to the 7 action of heat in the presence of moisture.

8. As an article of manufacture, acontainer for enclosing a tress of hair during the heat-ing operation of a permanent-waving process comprising a tube having relatively wide perforate and imperforate sections, said thereof.

10. As an article of manufacture, a container for enclosing a tress of hair during the heating operation of a permanent waving process, comprising a tube composed of a plurality of layers of gas-impervious materials some of which are constructed of materials impregnated with a hair-treating substance,

' said layers being in registry throughout a portion of the length of said tube, the outer one of said layers being composed of metal,

said tube being formed with a band of perforations through said layers at at least one point of its length.

11. As an article of manufacture, a container for enclosing a tress of hair during the heating operation of a hair-waving process comprising a laminated tube having at least one layer of a relatively hard material, at least one layer of a relatively soft material, one of said layers being impervious to gases and'all layers perforated incertain portions to form a relatively wide band of openings for the escape of gases.

12. As an article of manufacture, a con.- tainer for enclosing a tress of hair during the heating operation of a hair-Waving process, comprising a laminated tube having one external layer of a relatively hard material, at least one layer of a relatively soft material, one of said layers being impervious to gases, and all. layers, perforated in certain portions to form a relatively wide band of openings for the escape of gases.

13. As an article of manufacture, a. container for enclosing a tress of hair during the heating operation of a hair-waving process comprising a laminated tube having a plurality of bands, certain ones of said plurality being separated from each other by the replurality of bands, certain groups of said bands situated near the mid-portion of said tube being gas-pervious, certain bands near the extremities of said tube being gas-impervious, and the laminations being in registry.

16. As an article of manufacture, a container forenclosing a tress of hair during the heating operation of a hair-waving process, comprising a laminated tube having at least one layer of a relatively hard material, at least one layer of a relatively softmaterial, one of said layers being impervious to gases, having a plurality of bands, certain ones of said plurality being separated from each other by the remainder of said plurality, certain ones of said bands being gas-pervious, certain other of said bands being gas-impervious, and the laminations being in registry.

17 A method of waving hair, which comprises waving a tress of hair upon a mandrel, and surrounding the hair with a laminated tube having at least one layer of 'a relatively hard material, at least one layer of a relatively soft material, one of said layers being impervi'ous to gases, and all layers perforated in certain portions to form a relatively wide band of openings for the escape of gases.

18. As an article of manufacture, a container for enclosing a tress of hair during the heating operation of a hair-waving process,

comprising a laminated tube having a band of perforations situate at an extremity, said band being gas-pervious, said perforations in various layers being in registry.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

ERNEST O. FREDERICS.

mainder of said plurality, certain ones of said bands being gas-pervious, certain other of said bands being gas-impervious, and the laminations being in registry.

14. As an article of manufacture, a container for enclosing a tress of hair during the heating operation of a hair-waving process comprising a laminated tube, having a plurality of bands, those bands situated at the extremities of said tube being gas-per-' vious, said gas-perviousbands being separated from each other by a gas-impervious band, and the laminations being in registry.

15. As an article of manufacture, a container for enclosing a tress of hair during the heating operation of a hair-waving process, comprising a laminated tube having a- 

